![]() The King soon agreed that John and William Harrison had been unfairly treated.Īppeal - odwołać się odwołanie, apelacja Harrison decided to appeal to the King, George the third. People who wanted to find other methods of measuring longitude influenced it. The Board still refused to pay him the rest of the prize money. Harrison was now almost eighty years old. Harrison made one, and another watchmaker made the other. The Board gave Harrison half of the prize money. They asked him to give them all the watches and clocks he had made. But in 1765 six experts visited him and examined the watch in detail. They asked him to tell them how he had made it.Īt first Harrison was not willing to give away his secret. The board wanted to make sure that Harrison had really made the watch. This watch was made by a carpenter, he had no education and he knew nothing about the stars. But the Board of Longitude was still not happy. On both of these long sea trips the watch kept time very well - well enough for Harrison to win the prize. Harrison's son William took it with him on two voyages to the West Indies. Harrison's fourth chronometer was very different from the other three. And the Board was not satisfied with Harrison's clock. The group was called the Board of Longitude. But, there was a group of experts who would decide who should get the prize. This third chronometer was much larger, and included ideas that exist on clocks even today. He took it on a ship to Lisbon, Portugal, and it performed well. It took him five years to make his first chronometer. Harrison knew that he could make a clock that would keep time during a sea voyage. Remember, the key to finding a ship's east-west position was knowing the exact time. Harrison wanted to win the longitude prize of twenty thousand pounds. ![]() Lose (lost, lost) - tu: spóźniać (o zegarze) They were more accurate than many of the best clocks in London. Each month they lost or gained no more than one second. And they worked even when the temperature changed. He designed them so that they did not need any oil to keep working. He did not have much education, but John was very good at making clocks. He was twenty-one years old when the government offered the prize. He was born in Yorkshire, England in 1693. Our story moves on to one man - John Harrison. Some people thought that this would never be possible. The prize would go to the first person who could find a method of measuring longitude at sea. In 1714 the British Government offered a prize of twenty-thousand pounds. Flamsteed worked hard, but he could not solve the longitude problem. The first chief of the Observatory was John Flamsteed. The Observatory was in Greenwich, a place near London where the King had a palace. The Observatory was a place where people could study the stars and work on the problem of establishing longitude at sea. In 1675 he ordered the building of the Royal Observatory. ![]() If the problem was not solved, many ships would be lost, and many people drowned. King Charles the Second of England knew how important it was to solve this problem. In other words they could work out the ship's 'longitude'. If they knew that, they could work out their east-west position on the earth's surface. But the sailors also needed to know the time at the place where the ship had started its voyage. They could use the position of the sun and the stars to tell the time where they were. They needed to know the exact time in two places. But they could not measure their east-west position by that method alone. They could measure it from the sun and the stars. ![]() They could estimate their north-south position easily. To do this they needed to know exactly where they were. They needed to avoid accidents like the loss of Admiral Shovell's ships. The people who sailed the ships needed good maps.īut they needed something more. Ships brought the people of England sugar, spices, and tea. Only twenty-six survived.Īt that time, England depended on sea power. Over sixteen hundred men died that night. Then suddenly someone shouted 'Land!' This filled the sailors with fear. The wind and the waves shook the ships, driving them on into the cloudy night. ![]() His officers made an estimate of the ships' position. The chief of the ships was Admiral Shovell. It is easier for people to understand, no matter where in the world they live. This programme uses a special English method of broadcasting. Harrison - the Master ClockmakerĪnd I'm Elizabeth Lickiss. Pobierz plik MP3 Słuchaj i ucz się – S-12. ![]()
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